Washington D.C., the dazzling capital of the United States, is not only a political center but also a treasure trove of culture and history. It is home to countless magnificent architectural works, solemn monuments, and especially world-class museums. If you are a fan of exploration and want to delve into the history, science, art, and diverse culture of America and the world, then Washington D.C. is the ideal destination. Join “Du lịch khắp thế gian” (Travel Around the World) to discover the top museums in Washington, where every step is a page of history unfolding, and every artifact is a fascinating story waiting for you to explore. What’s even more special is that many museums in Washington D.C. offer free admission, providing an invaluable opportunity for all visitors to access culture and knowledge.
National Air and Space Museum
The National Air and Space Museum, part of the Smithsonian Institution, is one of the most visited museums in the world. Stepping inside, you will be overwhelmed by the vast collection of aircraft and spacecraft, from the Wright brothers’ early planes to the legendary Apollo 11 spacecraft that took humans to the Moon.
Model of the Spirit of St. Louis airplane on display at the National Air and Space Museum, Washington D.C.
History and Significance: The museum was established in 1946, initially named the National Air Museum, and later expanded to include space exploration. The museum’s mission is to preserve and display significant artifacts in the history of aviation and spaceflight, and to inspire future generations in science and technology.
Explore Inside:
- Wright Brothers & The Invention of the Aerial Age: See the 1903 Wright Flyer, marking a historic turning point in aviation history.
- Apollo to the Moon: Explore the Apollo 11 command module Columbia, the spacecraft that carried Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin to the Moon in 1969. You will witness firsthand the traces of this historic journey.
- Space Race: Learn about the dramatic space race between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War, with artifacts like the Sputnik satellite and the Mercury spacecraft.
- Military Aviation: Discover military aircraft from World War I to the present, including fighter jets, bombers, and helicopters.
- Phoebe Waterman Haas Public Observatory: Visit the public observatory where you can observe the Sun, Moon, and other planets through modern telescopes (open on certain days).
Unique Experiences: Don’t miss the chance to watch a film at the museum’s IMAX theater or attend fascinating science presentations and demonstrations. The museum’s gift shop is also an ideal place to find unique souvenirs related to aviation and space, such as model airplanes, NASA t-shirts, or even astronaut ice cream!
Useful Information:
- Address: National Mall, 6th Street and Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20560
- Opening Hours: 10:00 AM – 5:30 PM daily (may vary depending on the season and holidays)
- Admission: Free
- Website: https://airandspace.si.edu/
National Museum of Natural History
Also part of the Smithsonian Institution, the National Museum of Natural History is a paradise for those who love exploring the natural world. With millions of artifacts, from a giant T-rex skeleton to the sparkling Hope Diamond, this museum offers a diverse and fascinating journey through the fields of biology, geology, anthropology, and paleontology.
Triceratops dinosaur skeleton in the dinosaur exhibit at the National Museum of Natural History, Washington D.C.
History and Significance: The museum was established in 1910, with the goal of researching, preserving, and displaying artifacts related to the natural history of Earth and life. It is not only a tourist attraction but also a leading scientific research center in the world.
Explore Inside:
- Hall of Dinosaurs: Step into the world of extinct dinosaurs with an impressive collection of dinosaur fossils, including the first T-rex skeleton discovered and other species like Triceratops and Stegosaurus.
- Hall of Mammals: Explore the diversity of mammals around the world, from giant African elephants to tiny primates.
- Hall of Ocean Life: Immerse yourself in the mysterious ocean world with a life-size model of a blue whale and a rich collection of marine life.
- Hall of Geology, Gems, and Minerals: Admire the splendor of precious stones, minerals, and fossils, especially the famous 45-carat Hope Diamond with its mysterious history and captivating beauty.
- Hall of Human Origins: Learn about the origins and evolution of humankind, from the earliest ancestors to modern Homo sapiens.
- Insect Zoo and Butterfly Pavilion: (May require a fee) Experience the diverse insect world and admire colorful butterflies in the butterfly garden.
Unique Experiences: Attend science talks and seminars, watch 3D nature films, or explore interactive areas for children. The museum also regularly hosts special exhibitions and seasonal events.
Useful Information:
- Address: National Mall, 10th Street and Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20560
- Opening Hours: 10:00 AM – 5:30 PM daily (may vary depending on the season and holidays)
- Admission: Free (except for some special exhibitions and the Butterfly Pavilion)
- Website: https://naturalhistory.si.edu/
National Museum of African American History and Culture
Opened in 2016, the National Museum of African American History and Culture is one of the newest and most acclaimed museums in Washington D.C. This museum is a unique architectural masterpiece and a repository of moving stories about the history and culture of African Americans, from the era of slavery to the civil rights movement and their immense contributions to American society.
History and Significance: The establishment of this museum was a long and arduous journey, spanning over a century. The museum’s mission is to tell the full and truthful story of African Americans, celebrate their contributions, and promote understanding and reconciliation between communities.
Explore Inside:
- Slavery and Freedom: This area recreates the painful period of slavery in the United States, with artifacts such as shackles, slave trade documents, and stories of enslaved people who fought for freedom.
- Segregation Era: Learn about the era of racial segregation and the civil rights movement, with artifacts such as the dress Rosa Parks wore when she refused to give up her seat on the bus and documents related to protests and civil rights activities.
- Cultural Expressions: Explore the richness and diversity of African American culture, from music (jazz, blues, hip-hop) to literature, art, theater, and cinema.
- Military History: Honor the contributions of African Americans in the United States military, from the Revolutionary War to modern wars.
- Sports Gallery: Review the achievements of famous African American athletes, such as Jackie Robinson, Jesse Owens, and Serena Williams.
Unique Experiences: The museum uses a variety of display methods, from original artifacts, photos, videos, and audio to interactive areas and art performances. You can spend hours exploring each area and deeply feel the stories being told.
Useful Information:
- Address: National Mall, 14th Street and Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20560
- Opening Hours: 10:00 AM – 5:30 PM daily (may vary depending on the season and holidays)
- Admission: Free, but online timed-entry passes are required, especially during peak season.
- Website: https://nmaahc.si.edu/
National Museum of American History
The National Museum of American History is the ideal place to learn about the history and culture of America from its founding to the present day. With a diverse collection, this museum displays iconic artifacts of American history, from the Star-Spangled Banner that inspired the national anthem to Abraham Lincoln’s top hat and countless objects reflecting the daily lives of Americans throughout the ages.
History and Significance: The museum was established in 1956, initially named the Museum of History and Technology, and later renamed the Museum of American History. The museum’s mission is to collect, preserve, and display artifacts reflecting the history, culture, science, and technology of the United States.
Explore Inside:
- Star-Spangled Banner: See the original flag that flew over Fort McHenry during the War of 1812 and inspired Francis Scott Key to write the Star-Spangled Banner.
- The American Presidency: Explore the history of U.S. presidents through artifacts such as Abraham Lincoln’s top hat, Thomas Jefferson’s writing desk, and the clothing of First Ladies.
- America on the Move: Learn about the history of transportation in the United States, from horse-drawn carriages to cars, trains, and airplanes.
- Popular Culture: Discover American pop culture icons, from the Wicked Witch’s hat in “The Wizard of Oz” to Fonzie’s jacket in “Happy Days.”
- Exhibits on various historical periods: The museum has many themed and historical period exhibits, such as the American Revolution, the Civil War, World War II, and the Civil Rights Movement.
Unique Experiences: Attend demonstrations and interactive activities, watch historical documentaries, or explore children’s areas. The museum also has a food court serving traditional American dishes.
Useful Information:
- Address: National Mall, 14th Street and Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20560
- Opening Hours: 10:00 AM – 5:30 PM daily (may vary depending on the season and holidays)
- Admission: Free
- Website: https://americanhistory.si.edu/
National Gallery of Art
For art lovers, the National Gallery of Art is a must-visit destination in Washington D.C. This museum boasts an extensive art collection, including paintings, sculptures, graphics, and decorative arts from the Middle Ages to the present, with a special focus on European and American art.
History and Significance: The National Gallery of Art was established in 1937, thanks to the contribution of financier Andrew W. Mellon. The museum’s mission is to bring art closer to the public and promote understanding and appreciation of art.
Explore Inside:
- European Paintings: Admire masterpieces by European masters, from the Renaissance (Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Titian) to the Baroque (Rembrandt, Vermeer) and Impressionism (Monet, Renoir, Van Gogh).
- American Paintings: Explore the development of American painting from the 18th century to the present, with works by renowned artists such as John Singleton Copley, Winslow Homer, Georgia O’Keeffe, and Jackson Pollock.
- Sculpture: Admire sculptures from various periods and cultures, including works by Donatello, Auguste Rodin, and Alexander Calder.
- Prints and Drawings: Explore the rich collection of graphics, including woodcuts, engravings, lithographs, and drawings by many famous artists.
- Decorative Arts: Admire decorative art pieces such as ceramics, furniture, carpets, and jewelry.
Unique Experiences: Join guided tours, listen to art talks, or participate in art classes and workshops. The museum also has an outdoor sculpture garden and several cafes and restaurants.
Useful Information:
- Address: National Mall, 6th Street and Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20565
- Opening Hours: 10:00 AM – 5:00 PM daily (may vary depending on the season and holidays)
- Admission: Free
- Website: https://www.nga.gov/
National Museum of the American Indian
The National Museum of the American Indian is a unique and important museum dedicated to honoring and showcasing the history, culture, and art of Native Americans. This museum offers a deep insight into the cultural diversity of native tribes across the Americas, from North to South America, and their immense contributions to the world.
History and Significance: The museum was established in 1989 and officially opened in 2004, as part of the Smithsonian Institution. The museum’s mission is to preserve and present the culture, language, history, and art of Native Americans, while combating prejudice and misunderstandings about them.
Explore Inside:
- Exhibitions on various Native American cultures: The museum has many exhibits showcasing the culture, history, and art of various native tribes from across the Americas, including tribes in North, Central, and South America.
- Contemporary Native American Art: Discover contemporary Native American art, including painting, sculpture, ceramics, textiles, and other art forms.
- Living Cultures: Learn about indigenous cultures that still exist and thrive today, through artifacts, stories, and artistic performances.
- Potomac Atrium: The central space of the museum is designed in a traditional Native American architectural style, with a large dome and sandstone columns.
- Mitsitam Native Foods Café: (May require a fee) Enjoy Native American cuisine, with dishes prepared from traditional ingredients and recipes.
Unique Experiences: Attend art performances, storytelling, workshops, and other cultural activities performed by Native Americans. The museum also has a gift shop selling Native American handicrafts and artwork.
Useful Information:
- Address: National Mall, 4th Street and Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20560
- Opening Hours: 10:00 AM – 5:30 PM daily (may vary depending on the season and holidays)
- Admission: Free
- Website: https://americanindian.si.edu/
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
If you are a fan of modern and contemporary art, the Hirshhorn Museum is a must-visit destination. Located on the National Mall, this museum stands out with its unique cylindrical architecture and rich art collection, including paintings, sculptures, photography, video, and performance art from the mid-20th century to the present.
History and Significance: The museum was established by Joseph H. Hirshhorn, a renowned art collector, and opened in 1974, part of the Smithsonian Institution. The museum’s mission is to introduce and promote the understanding of modern and contemporary art, and to support contemporary artists.
Explore Inside:
- Collection Galleries: Explore the museum’s permanent collection, including works by famous artists such as Pablo Picasso, Jackson Pollock, Andy Warhol, Jeff Koons, and Yayoi Kusama.
- Special Exhibitions: The museum regularly hosts special exhibitions showcasing contemporary artists and the latest art trends.
- Sculpture Garden: Stroll through the outdoor sculpture garden, which displays modern and contemporary sculptures by renowned artists.
- Plaza: The public space around the museum often hosts art events and performances.
Unique Experiences: Attend art talks, watch films and art videos, or participate in workshops and creative activities. The museum also has a bookstore and art gift shop.
Useful Information:
- Address: National Mall, Independence Avenue and 7th Street SW, Washington, DC 20560
- Opening Hours: 10:00 AM – 5:30 PM daily (may vary depending on the season and holidays)
- Admission: Free
- Website: https://hirshhorn.si.edu/
Explore Washington D.C. – An Endless Journey of Culture and Knowledge
Washington D.C. is not only the political capital but also an invaluable cultural and intellectual center of the United States. With its system of famous and diverse museums, this city offers visitors endless exploration experiences. From history, natural science, and aerospace to art and culture, each museum is a door opening to a new world, helping you deeply understand America and the world around you. Take time to explore these cultural treasures during your trip to Washington D.C., and you will surely have memorable experiences and gain valuable knowledge. And don’t forget that most Smithsonian museums in Washington D.C. offer free admission, which is a great perk for you to explore to your heart’s content without worrying about costs!