Savannah, the charming city of Georgia, USA, is not only renowned for its captivating Southern American beauty but also harbors a unique architectural heritage deeply influenced by French elegance. The fusion of European classicism and Southern style creates a Savannah that is both historic and modern, attracting visitors from around the globe. In Savannah, you’ll not only wander through streets shaded by oak trees but also admire ancient French architectural works, testaments to a fascinating chapter of cultural exchange.
Savannah’s History and French Architectural Influence
Although Savannah was founded by the British under James Oglethorpe in 1733, the influence of French architecture subtly permeated the city, particularly through the influx of French Huguenot refugees. Huguenots, French Protestants, sought religious freedom and new opportunities in the Georgia colony. They brought with them not only their faith but also their skills, knowledge, and distinctive French architectural aesthetics, contributing to shaping Savannah’s unique appearance.
While Savannah lacks grand and imposing French architectural structures like those in Paris or major French cities, its French architectural heritage is evident in the refinement of urban planning and decorative details on buildings. The layout of public squares shaded by green trees, wide and straight streets, along with the use of red brick and wrought-iron balconies, all reflect aspects of French colonial-era architectural style.
Poetter Hall at SCAD Savannah campus, showcasing historic architecture
One of the most prominent examples of this influence is Savannah’s urban plan, designed in a grid pattern with central squares. This model, although common in many colonial cities, is also reminiscent of the urban planning of some French cities of that era. The squares are not just public green spaces but also centers of cultural and social life, creating a distinctive character for Savannah.
Distinctive French Architectural Styles in Savannah
French architecture in Savannah is not represented by a specific style but rather a subtle and harmonious blend with other architectural styles such as Georgian, Federal, and Victorian. However, we can still recognize French influences through the following elements:
- Symmetry and Balance: Classical French architecture always emphasizes symmetry and balance in the composition and massing of buildings. This principle is also clearly reflected in many old buildings in Savannah, from facades to decorative details.
- Wrought-Iron Balconies: Wrought-iron balconies are a common feature in French architecture, especially in the cities of southern France. In Savannah, graceful wrought-iron balconies not only provide aesthetic beauty but also create open spaces and enhance the connection between indoor and outdoor spaces.
- Use of Local Materials: Despite bearing French style, Savannah’s architecture still utilizes local materials such as red brick, stone, and wood, creating harmony with the landscape and climate of the Southern United States. This combination creates a unique architectural style that is both European classic and distinctly local.
- Refined Decorative Details: French architecture is renowned for its meticulous and exquisite decorative details. In Savannah, we can see these details on window frames, railings, and facade decorations, bringing an elegant and sophisticated beauty to the buildings.
SCAD Savannah and Architectural Harmony
Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD) – the main campus of the prestigious art university, significantly contributes to preserving and promoting Savannah’s unique architectural heritage. The SCAD Savannah campus blends into the city’s historic architectural landscape, with many buildings renovated from old structures, bearing the hallmarks of French and other architectural styles.
A prime example is Poetter Hall, one of SCAD Savannah’s iconic buildings, housed in a historic architectural structure, reflecting the intersection of historical architecture and modern creative art space. SCAD’s use and preservation of historic buildings not only help maintain Savannah’s architectural heritage but also create a unique and inspiring learning environment for students.
SCAD not only utilizes existing architectural works but also contributes to enriching Savannah’s architectural heritage through new design and construction projects. The university encourages students and faculty to research and understand local architectural history and apply sustainable design principles that harmonize with the surrounding environment.
Explore Notable French Architectural Works in Savannah
To truly appreciate the French architectural heritage in Savannah, you can spend time exploring the following locations:
- Savannah Historic District: This is the heart of Savannah, home to the highest concentration of historic architectural works, reflecting a diversity of architectural styles, including French influences. Stroll along the cobblestone streets, admire the charming townhouses with iron balconies and vibrant flower gardens.
- Chippewa Square: One of Savannah’s most famous squares, surrounded by stunning historic buildings. This square is a prime example of Savannah’s grid-pattern urban planning and lush green public spaces.
- Cathedral of St. John the Baptist: Although in the Gothic Revival style, this cathedral still exhibits refinement and meticulousness in decoration, reminiscent of ancient French cathedral architecture. The cathedral’s interior with stained glass windows and intricate carvings is also a highlight attracting visitors.
- Walk along the Savannah River: The Savannah River waterfront area is also home to many historic buildings with diverse architecture. You can stroll along River Street, admire old warehouses converted into restaurants, shops, and art galleries, and feel the vibrant and bustling atmosphere of this area.
Conclusion
The French architectural heritage in Savannah is a significant part of what creates the unique appeal of this city. The blend of refined French architecture and charming Southern style has created a Savannah that is both ancient and modern, historic and full of life. Exploring Savannah, you will not only admire beautiful architectural works but also learn about a fascinating chapter of cultural exchange, where French influences remain vibrant and shine to this day. Come to Savannah and experience this unique architectural beauty for yourself, to feel the difference and charm of a Southern American city imbued with European spirit.